Pouring the foundation under the fence with his hands

Each private ownership need a fence.Even if you live in the woods, where the probability of finding a burglar or detractors zero, the fence will protect you and your garden from wild animals.Species fences are many, but not all of them are characterized by strength, reliability and durability.Not to fear for his life and the value of the property, it is better to build a strong fence of stone, concrete or metal.For these fences must first lay the foundation, in Otherwise, a strong gust of wind, blow or force heave overturned it.In this article we will talk about pouring the foundation for the fence with their hands.

Why fence foundation

If you are going to build a really strong and durable fence around your site, it is absolutely necessary foundation.What happens if, for example, simply plug the iron poles in the ground and pull between the grid?Firstly, the iron very quickly begin to oxidize and rust.Second, with the advent of spring water, frozen in the ground begins to melt, reducing the strength of the soil indicators (land raskisnet), and heavy poles skewed.With the onset of cold weather the moisture in the ground begins to freeze, thus increasing in volume.Pillars in the land will be so close that they can just come to the surface.Fundam fence retains the support in an upright position and prevents heave forces and other factors hurt him.

In most cases, fences laying strip foundation, but it also happens that it is more convenient to build a columnar base.The tape is best used for heavy fences of stone, concrete or metal, especially if you have to work on heaving soils.Durable reinforced concrete or rubble concrete foundation will keep the fence in place, even if the wind is blowing a gale.These designs are the only solution for the installation of monolithic fence sections 2 m long, since no other basis will not sustain such a load.

Video of the foundation is poured under the fence will allow you to more clearly understand the technology works:

Strip foundation in this case differs slightly from the foundation for the construction of houses and is a one-piece reinforced concrete or rubble concrete strip, whose width can be varied from 20 to 40 cm wide.foundation determine the size and section of the fence support members.At the height of the foundation is 50-60 cm, and it is important that the entire length of the figure was the same.Otherwise, you'll have a fence curve.

To fill the basement under the fence, you can use a lower grade cement than to work with the foundation for the house, because if the load is not that big.Suitable brand M250 or M300, but if we are talking about really heavy fence, for example, the construction of natural stone height of 3 m, it is better to buy M400 cement.

fittings, more precisely, the reinforcing cage can be placed inside a cement strip.The thickness of the reinforcing rods of 8-12 mm.They then need to monolithic concrete belt is not cracked under the influence of the load in the ground and under the weight of the fence.More information on this topic can be found in the article "The device is a tape monolithic foundation."

formwork With or without?

Many builders are skilled enough self-taught, beginning to the construction of the foundation for the fence, stand before a choice: whether to build the formwork before casting or can do without it?We propose to consider this question.

If you have decided to do without the foundation formwork, you need to install the supporting pillars for fence sections and fix them firmly in the trench before you have to flood the concrete.The cost of filling the basement under the fence in such a way is not much lower than if you were doing the formwork, but there are some nuances.First of all, you need to drive posts deep enough - that their lower end went into the ground at 10-15 cm below the freezing level.Consult this level can be in SNIP 2.01.01-82, where there is deep soil freezing maps for each region of the country.

Important: Know the level of soil freezing is especially necessary on clay, sandy loam and loamy soils, as they are more susceptible to the forces of frost heave.

The image below shows the approximate depth of soil freezing in various Russian cities from high to low (in cm).

So when you are hammered into the ground poles (+ freezing depth of 15 cm), they should be locked in the upright position.You can use any improvised material, using them as props: pipes, rocks, bricks.After fixation, each column and after pouring the concrete, check the verticality of the building level or plumb.But before you pour the solution, you need to tie the rebar poles in three "threads", fastening all connections are welded.Here it is necessary to take into account an important point - the reinforcement cage should be positioned so that it is after the concrete is poured in the center, that is the same distance from the bottom and the top (at least 10 cm).

formwork is needed, for the most part, for beauty.If you upload a fence made of brick or stone, its plinth part should be straight and accurate to lay flat and masonry, and more finished not had to deal with.For the manufacture of formwork can take any boards or plywood, pre-treating them with engine oil or working off (so they do not stick to the concrete, and then pour the foundation formwork easy to dismantle).

pouring the foundation Stages

Any construction begins with the preparation of the future positioning of construction and site preparation.In the case of the fence, this area will go along the entire perimeter of your possessions, so the first thing his label.For this slide pegs in the ground at a distance of 3-5 meters from each other and pull the rope between them.Now you can calculate how long the fence and the future of the foundation, respectively.This will help to purchase the necessary materials in the right quantities.

Tip: When you have calculated the amount needed for construction materials, add to this value of 10%.Because here we are talking about such things as cement, sand and fittings, even if you do not spend this reserve, you will find easily where to apply it on the farm.The article "Calculation of the strip foundation" will help you to understand this question.

In this chapter we will consider filling the technology foundation for melkozaglublennogo type fence.This means that the bottom part of it will not reach the level of soil freezing.This foundation will respond to seasonal shifts ground, rising and falling with it, so it is possible to lay only on a homogeneous throughout the length of the enclosure ground.If on the way proleganiya basement there are several types of soil, or earth heaving too, it is better to replace it with a mixture of sand and gravel on the entire depth of the freezing point.Alternatively, you can build a pile-tape or buried foundations, but the cost of such measures would be higher.For more information about this type of foundation is told in the article "The device is a tape melkozaglublennogo foundation."

By the way, the price of pouring the foundation for the fence is not so great if you are working with your hands.Basic materials - cement, river sand, gravel and iron bars are not so much.Reduce costs can also be due to transport on a personal car.More information on this topic can be found in the article "How to save money in the construction of the foundation."

Stages of construction of strip foundation for the fence:

1. Once you have identified a rope pegs with the boundaries of their territory and the future extension of the fence, make a layout width of the foundation of the future.You can use spray paint or otherwise mark the suitable distance.
2. Dig a trench in accordance with the layout and depth of 50-70 cm. Try to make the trench bottom to get the most even.
3. At the bottom of the trench, pour a layer of river sand 15 cm thick, richly pour water from a watering can or hose to rinse it compacted.
4. top of the sand layer, pour the same amount of gravel.It is better to buy gravel fractions with different sizes and mix it to a smaller space left between the stones.Gravel in this case can be replaced by granite or brick chips.With sand, it creates high-quality drainage, which will be pumped from underground, sedimentary and meltwater from the porous concrete structure.If you immediately flood the concrete in the trench, so the foundation will last very long.
   
5. gravel can be placed on top of a layer of waterproof material - tar paper or conventional polyethylene construction.This will serve as additional protection from getting wet concrete ribbons and extend the life of the foundation.
6. If you build a fence where the supports for the sections will serve as pillars, armed with a garden drill and to drill wells in the trench 20 cm in diameter. The depth of the wells should be greater than the depth of the trench 30-40 cm, and the distance between them is equal to 2-3 m (depending on the size of the sections used).At the bottom of each well layer 10 cm pour sand to provide elementary drainage.
7. Plug the holes in the pillars and set them strictly vertically.
   
8. Tie poles each other fittings, strengthening the place of welding rods connections.In a confined space work is not very comfortable in the trenches, so it is best to use a light touch and a mobile welding machine.There is another way of reinforcing the foundation for the fence - steel bars placed in an upright position, sticking them in the drain pad.Thereafter, the valve ligated horizontal bridges, connecting the elements together by welding or steel wire.
9. If you upload a fence made of brick or stone, set the formwork to the walls of the upper part of the foundation turned smooth and neat.On the inner side of the formwork panels do layout, which will indicate the level of the concrete pouring.This is a very important point on which the future will depend on the evenness of masonry.If you are concerned that the flood mark solution, tamp them instead of wooden slats.Prepare
10. classical solution by mixing cement with sand in proportions of 1: 3.First, mix the dry ingredients, and then to gradually add water, still stirring.The consistency of the solution should be thick enough but not lumpy.Since you will have to fill a fairly large area, it is better to rent a concrete mixer or order a ready-made solution.The latter will come more expensive, but you will quickly do away with the main stage of work.To increase the strength of the foundation in the solution may be to add some gravel or granite chips.If you have to work in the cold season, use the special antimoroznye additives for concrete that will not allow water to freeze in it too quickly.
11. After pouring concrete again check and, if necessary, adjust the vertical column.
    
12. Deal with concrete vibrator to remove air bubbles (they reduce the strength of the foundation).If such a machine is not just a solution poprotykayte valve or a stick.

After that, it remains only to wait for the hardening of concrete and to start construction of the fence.Depending on weather conditions, it will take 6 to 15 days.If forecasters foretell rain, cover the foundation of polyethylene, so it does not oversaturated with moisture.

If you have to build a fence on a slope, in any case not to build a sloping foundation!Over its entire length it should be strictly horizontal, so that better Construct stepped structure.

At first glance it seems that it is easier to build a fence light, but now you see that the work involves a lot of nuances and technicalities.We hope we have been able to fully explain the information, and you can build a reliable fence on a solid foundation.